Troubles in New England
Religion in America
The English Civil War
Bishops
War, 1639
Charles
must call Parliament
Bishops
abolished 1641; Laud executed, 1645
1642-49,
civil war, Charles vs. Parliament
Oliver
Cromwell wins; Charles executed
Westminster
Assembly of Divines, 1643-1653
Westminster
Confession of Faith
Congregationalists
and Presbyterians split
Toleration
results in proliferation of sects
Baptists,
Quakers, Ranters, Levellers, 5th Monarchy Men
Criticism
of intolerant Massachusetts Bay Colony
Puritans
exile, imprison, and execute Quakers, 1559-1661
The Restoration
Cromwell
dies, 1657
Charles
II, 1660
Secret
Catholic
Return
of the bishops
Puritans,
Calvinists, sectarians suppressed
Crisis in New England
Crisis
of purpose
Ignored
by Cromwell, now cut off by Restoration
New
purpose: Puritans as Gods instruments in America
Sacramental
crisis
Infant
baptism (Gen. 17); conversion assumed
By
1645, clearly many baptized not converting
1662
Synod: the Half-Way Covenant
Controversial:
unbiblical
Declining
fervor, devotion; rising greed, dissension
The Glorious Revolution
Charles
II revokes charter, 1684
James
II, 1685, openly Catholic
Dominion
of New England
Governor
Edmund Andros, 1686
William
III lands in England, 1688-1689
Spontaneous
revolt: Andros jailed
Act
of Toleration, 1689
New
secular charter, 1691
Puritan
world crumbling
Witchcraft
hysteria, Salem, 1692