New Religious, Philosophical, and Political Currents

U.S. History to 1877

The Church of England in America

  Hierarchy and order

  Control of vestry by the elite

  By 1750 strong and well-established across the South

The Great Awakening, 1735-1745

  From Puritan to Yankee

  “Outlivers,” greed, contention, guilt

  “Fire & brimstone” & “harvests”

  “New Lights” & “Old Lights”

  Jonathan Edwards

  George Whitefield

  Baptist growth

  Evangelical Calvinists

  Evangelize the South

   Violent opposition in Virginia

The Enlightenment in America

  From Age of Faith to Age of Reason

  Reason & nature

  Science & progress

  Enlightenment in Religion

  Deism

  Unitarianism

  Benjamin Franklin

  International hero of the Enlightenment

Political Ideas

  Ideal: monarchy, aristocracy, democracy

  English “constitution”

  Crown, Lords, Commons

   Ministers & Commons

   “Rotten boroughs” & “placemen”

  Colonial “constitutions”

  Governor, council, assembly

   Factions & paper power

   Independent assemblymen

Political Ideas

  Liberty vs. power

  Corruption

  Isolated ruler

  “Wicked and worthless” wars

  Taxation without representation

  No juries

  Catholicism

  STANDING ARMIES

Wars and Empire

  America in Europe’s wars

   3 major French-English wars before 1750

  French &  Indian War, 1754-63

  A different war

  Washington at Ft. Duquesne

  Albany Plan of Union, 1754

  Gen. Braddock at Ft. Duquesne

  Pitt turns the tide, 1758-62

Peace

  End of New France, 1763

  Pontiac’s Rebellion, 1763

  English-American relationship transforms

  Proclamation Line of 1763